Dice ALSINA que el Estado no se
limita a establecer el derecho, sino que garantiza su cumplimiento,
este es el Contenido
de la función jurisdiccional.
El Art.
5 del COJ define la jurisdicción cuando expresa: “La jurisdicción
consiste
en la potestad de conocer y decidir en juicio y de hacer ejecutar lo
juzgado”.
La
jurisdicción judicial es la facultad conferida a los jueces para administrar
justicia en las controversias con relevancia jurídica.
La
jurisdicción es un atributo de la soberanía, de allí que todos los
jueces integrantes
del Poder Judicial tienen jurisdicción, pero no todos tienen competencia
para conocer y decidir en un determinado asunto.
La
competencia consiste en el límite de la jurisdicción.
El Art. 7 del
COJ expresa:
“Los jueces y tribunales ejercerán jurisdicción dentro de los
límites de su
competencia”.
LASCANO
define la competencia como la capacidad reconocida a
ciertos
Jueces para ejercer jurisdicción en determinados casos.
La
competencia es el ámbito de atribuciones del órgano. La regla es
que
la
competencia sólo puede ser ejercida por sus propios agentes, en
consecuencia
no
corresponde la representación o el mandato, salvo que la ley
expresamente
así lo
autorice. Dentro de la competencia es un deber del agente ejercer sus
atribuciones,
en tanto que los derechos y las obligaciones pueden no ejercerse o
no
cumplirse.
Todos
los jueces que integran el Poder Judicial están dotados de
jurisdicción.
Pero no todos los jueces tienen competencia La potestad de juzgar
(jurisdicción)
esta limitada por la Constitución y por la ley atendiendo a la
materia
(civil, laboral, penal, contencioso-administrativo. del menor,
electoral,
etc.)…al
territorio: al valor o cuantía; al grado; al turno y a la conexidad.
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